1. Voltage Followers
Voltage followers (tseem hu ua buffers) tsis amplify los yog invert lub input teeb liab, tab sis muab kev sib cais ntawm ob lub circuits. Lub input impedance yog siab thiab cov zis impedance yog tsawg, tsis txhob muaj cov teebmeem loading nyob rau hauv Circuit Court. Thaum cov zis txuas ncaj qha rov qab mus rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom nkag, tag nrho qhov nce ntawm qhov tsis yog ntxiv rau 1 thiab Vout=Vin.
2. Amplifier Inverters
Inverters, tseem hu ua inverting buffers, yog qhov sib txawv ntawm yav dhau los voltage followers. Yog hais tias ob lub resistors sib npaug, lub inverter yuav tsis amplify tab sis yuav invert lub input teeb liab. Lub input impedance yog sib npaug rau R thiab qhov nce yog -1, muab Vout=-Vin.
3. Nyob rau hauv-theem amplifier
Lub in-theem amplifier tsis hloov lub teeb liab input lossis tsim cov teeb liab inverted, tab sis ua kom nrov ntawm qhov piv ntawm (RA ntxiv rau RB) / RB lossis feem ntau 1 ntxiv (RA / RB). Lub teeb liab input txuas nrog rau hauv-theem (ntxiv) cov tswv yim.
4. Inverting amplifier
Lub inverting amplifier ib txhij inverts thiab amplifies lub input teeb liab ntawm ib tug ratio ntawm -RA / RB. Qhov nce ntawm lub amplifier yog tswj los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tsis zoo siv cov lus tawm tswv yim resistor RA thiab cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim yog pub rau inverting (-) cov tswv yim.
5. Choj amplifiers
Lub inverting thiab nyob rau hauv-theem amplifier circuits saum toj no tuaj yeem txuas ua ke los ua tus choj amplifier configuration. Lub teeb liab tawm tswv yim sib koom ntawm ob lub op-amps thiab cov teeb liab tso zis hluav taws xob txuas nrog hla lub load resistor RL, uas ntab ntawm ob qhov zis.
Yog hais tias qhov loj ntawm ob op-amp nce A1 thiab A2 sib npaug rau ib leeg, cov teeb liab tso zis yuav raug muab faib ua ob npaug, vim nws yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob qhov sib txawv amplifier nce.
6. Voltage Adders
Ib qho adder, tseem hu ua summing amplifier, ua ib qho inverted output voltage proportional rau cov sum ntawm cov input voltages V1 thiab v2. Ntau cov tswv yim tuaj yeem suav nrog. Yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov input resistors sib npaug (R1=R2=R), tag nrho cov zis voltage yog tus nqi muab thiab qhov nce yog ntxiv rau 1. Yog tias cov input resistors tsis sib npaug, cov zis tawm voltage yog ib tug weighted sum thiab ua: Vout=- (V1 (RA / R1) plus V2 (RA / R2) ntxiv thiab lwm yam).
7. Voltage subtractors
Ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob, tseem hu ua qhov sib txawv amplifier, siv inverting thiab in-theem inputs los tsim cov teeb liab tso zis uas yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov input voltages V1 thiab V2, yog li tso cai rau ib lub teeb liab rho tawm ntawm lwm qhov. Cov tswv yim ntxiv tuaj yeem muab ntxiv kom rho tawm yog tias xav tau.
Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam sib npaug (R=R3 thiab RA=R4), qhov tso zis hluav taws xob yog tus nqi muab thiab qhov hluav taws xob nce ntxiv yog 1. Yog tias cov kev tawm tswv yim tsis sib npaug ntawm lub voj voog yuav ua kom nrov rau tsim tawm qhov tsis zoo thaum qhov sib txawv V1 siab dua V2 thiab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo thaum V1 qis dua V2.
8. Voltage sib piv
Comparators have many uses, but the most common is to compare the input voltage with a reference voltage and switch the output if the input voltage is higher than the reference voltage. If the input voltage is higher than the positive reference voltage Vin>Vref teem los ntawm qhov voltage divider, cov zis yuav hloov lub xeev. Thaum lub input voltage poob hauv qab lub preset reference voltage thiab Vin
